A theory of change and a logic model are two powerful tools for planning, implementing, and evaluating change initiatives, including professional learning. While the terms are often used interchangeably, they serve distinct yet complementary functions in the improvement process. A theory of change articulates the rationale and desired outcomes that underpin change. It sets the conceptual foundation for improvement and helps prevent the common pitfall of jumping prematurely to solutions without fully understanding the problem or the conditions required for success. A logic model specifies the resources, strategies, and activities that operationalize that theory. It serves as a concrete tool to guide, monitor, test assumptions, and refine the enactment of professional learning over time. Theory of change Drawing on Joellen Killion’s (2018) work in Assessing